Objective: The opposition between cultural values in the west and Islamic values or in the other word the opposition of tradition and modernity is the base of changing values in Iranian society. Reza shah's treatments opposed the traditional and Islamic values of Iranian and changed the cultural system of the society and it is continuing till now.The central purpose of the present research is the study of the change of youth values and its related factors.Method: In this retrospective panel study, he populations were Hamedanian youth (n=380) selected by cluster sampling. Cronbach's alpha of 0.87 indicated a high reliability of the instrument.Findings: Totally, 21.32 percent od respondents had changed their values to some extent, while just 9.21 percent hadn't changed their values at all.Of previoust values, 76.32 percent were mixed materialistic-meta materialistic, 7.11 percent meta-materialistic, and 16.58 percent materialistic. But at present, 55.79 percent were mixed, 3.68 percent meta-materialistic, and 40.53 percent materialistic. Therefore, the values had changed from meta-materialistic to materialistic. The change of values had a significant relation with education, sex, marital status, social class, family size, using mass media, fatalism, individualism, family conflict, value pluralism in the society, and performance of authorites as judged by interviewee (R-square=%47). After a multiple regression analysis, sex, individualism, education, family size, family conflict, and social class, were remained.Conclusion: Value change in youth can be modified by intervening in individual- and family-level variables.

The purpose of this study was to predict meta-emotion based on school climate, values related to study and family function in high school students. The research method was correlational type and the population of study was all Shiraz second high school students in 2016-2017 academic years. The sampling method was cluster sampling, and 380 students (190 boys and 190 girls) were selected. The instruments of this study were school climate, family function, values related to study and met-emotion questionnaires. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the school climate and Values related to study with Meta-Emotion, but there was not any relationship between the general score of family performance with Meta-Emotion. The results of Simultaneous multiple regression analysis showed that in the school climate, the positive relationship between teacher and student and emotional support; in values related to study, Personal and social values and in family function, Problem solving and cooperation positively and significantly could predict met-emotion. Based on the results, could conclude that the school climate, values related to study and family function are able to predict meta-emotion.

The Qur'an contains religious values ​​for the advancement of man to happiness. The claim is that Quranic teachings are the basis of religious values; By choosing it better, the method of proving religious beliefs can be extracted. This research tries to extract the method of proving religious beliefs with a business approach and by using artistic forms with a descriptive and analytical method and with a better selection of Quranic teachings. Based on the verses, the process was defined as the introduction to the institutionalization of religious values ​​in the businessman 1- Gaining self-knowledge (knowing the talents, capacities, existential dimensions and position of man in the universe); 2- Gaining monotheistic insight (knowing the origin and your relationship with the Creator); 3- Reciprocity is (knowing the destination and drawing the path of happiness in the universe). After the realization of these three stages, the beliefs must be proven through rational and scientific reasoning and penetrate, in this case, the acceptance of good qualities in the businessman will be facilitated.

Background and Purpose: The motivation determines the energy and behavior, and the aim of all educational systems is to increase the achievement motivation in the students. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluation of the structural model of achievement motivation based on the school climate and values related to study with the mediation of meta-emotion in students. Method: The research method was correlation and the sample consisted of 380 students (190 girls and 190 boys) from first grade high school students in the age range of 15-13 years old in Shiraz during the academic year 2016-2017. The sample was selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and the school climate (Zullig et al., 2009), Values Related to the Study (2017), meta-emotion (Mitmansgruber et al., 2009), and achievement motivation (Hermans, 1970). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression equations in the form of path analysis. Results: Findings showed that the school climate, values related to the study, and meta-emotion have a direct impact on motivation. It was also found that school climate and values related to the study through meta-emotion had an indirect effect on motivation (P = 0. 01). Conclusion: The positive values related to the study, the presence of encouraging supportive school climate, and a suitable meta-emotion perspective that including the acceptance of negative as well as positive emotion, can improve the achievement motivation among students.

Background &Aim: It is not well established that why certain parts of gingiva are more susceptible to some kind of periodontal diseases, since these regions are adjacent to the foramen of some nerves and paths, and regarding to the important role of neuropathies in inflammation. On the other hand, it was shown that SP and CGRP have some role in periodontal diseases, so the aim of this study was to determine the correlation between concentration of SP and CGRP and different regions of human clinically healthy gingiva.Methods & Materials: For this analytical study, 17 gingival samples from first maxillary incisor and first molar regions (case group) and 23 gingival samples from other regions (control group) were collected. Tissue samples were cultured for 72 hours. Then EIA was used for detection of SP and CGRP in supernatant fluids. Statistical analysis was made by Mann - whitney U test and Spearman's correlation coefficient tests.Results: Both SP and CGRP were present in all samples. There was also significant difference between different gingival regions regarding to CGRP concentration so its concentration was lower in first molar regions (P≈0.023). We could not find any significant difference between different regions regarding to SP concentration.Conclusion: It is suggested that SP and CGRP probably participate in the regulation and maintenance of gingival health and based on the lower concentration of CGRP in the gingiva of upper and lower first molars, it could be suggested a possible cause for susceptibility of these regions to some of oral diseases such as localized aggressive periodontitis.